Dissertation questions child abuse

Dissertation questions child abuse

Nov 22,  · Example violence and abuse dissertation topic 1: An exploration of the incidence, forms and effects of domestic abuse during teenage pregnancy. Domestic abuse can occur at any age, and to any social group. This dissertation focusses on abuse suffered by pregnant teenagers aged , whether derived from partners, parents or blogger.comted Reading Time: 7 mins Child Sexual Abuse A Review This document reviews the literature concerning child sexual abuse. While the issue of child sexual abuse is broad and complex, this document reviews the literature pertaining to its extent, its effects and the risk of its perpetration. As a result, the review draws wide-ranging conclusions and identifies Estimated Reading Time: 12 mins Nearly three-quarters of a million reports of child abuse and neglect were substantiated by Child Protective Services across the country in (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, ). Of that number, % of the reported children suffered neglect, % were

Top Child Abuse Topics For A Brilliant Academic Paper | blogger.com

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A short summary of this paper, dissertation questions child abuse. Download Download PDF. Download Full PDF Package. Translate PDF. While the issue of child sexual abuse is broad and complex, this document reviews the literature pertaining to its extent, its effects and the risk of its perpetration. As a result, the review draws wide-ranging conclusions and identifies important implications for practice.

i Chapter One During this time, child sexual abuse featured almost daily in UK media broadcasts. A particularly high-profile case in was the trial and guilty verdicts of the men involved in the sexual exploitation of children in Rochdale Martinson, Shortly after the final verdict in this case was delivered Carter,news of the alleged sexual offences of Jimmy Savile began to emerge. In early October, the police launched an investigation which culminated in a joint report into these allegations by the Metropolitan Police and the NSPCC Gray and Watt, Among the concluding remarks, the report stated that Savile was one of the most prolific, albeit known, sexual offenders in the UK.

Using his status Savile coerced, intimidated and manipulated so that he might exploit the vulnerable, the majority of whom were children Gray and Wyatt, dissertation questions child abuse, The New Year saw the trial of nine co- defendants begin at the Old Bailey accused of violent and sexual offences against children in the Oxford area.

Most recently, the disturbing suicide of Frances Andrade during the trial of her abusers has been reported Pidd and Ibbotson, It is evident, from both television and web footage regarding all of these cases, that public emotion ran high. However, the intention of this paper is not to be so deliberately emotive; that pursuit is left in the public and media domains Kitzinger, In addition, the specific details of these cases are not examined here.

That is not the purpose of this paper, dissertation questions child abuse. Nonetheless, referencing these cases does dissertation questions child abuse a purpose in demonstrating several points. Firstly, the cases demonstrate the extent of child sexual abuse and the different ways in which it is perpetrated. Secondly, they demonstrate the potentially devastating and enduring consequences of child sexual abuse, for both the victims and their families.

Finally, the cases demonstrate a common theme, dissertation questions child abuse being the vulnerability of the victims. Furthermore, up to three times this number are exposed to other types of sexual abuse.

Thus, CSA is recognised as a major health and social issue Ramírez et dissertation questions child abuse, ; Gilbert, However, Chartier et al point out that professionals have difficulty with not only reporting abuse but also in identifying it.

A sound knowledge of CSA is essential in tackling this sensitive and complex issue. Recognising indicators and risk factors for example, which have been established as a result of rigorous research, will help practitioners to recognise, prevent and intervene effectively. Whether prevention and intervention are realised through social policy, treatment or education, ultimately they aim to safeguard children and promote their well-being Welsh Government, Therefore, this paper aims to provide an informative and objective review of child sexual abuse, focused mainly within Western culture, and which is based on dissertation questions child abuse evidence.

Chapter 1 analyses and discusses prevalence rates, both nationally and internationally. Included in the discussion is the matter of under-reporting. The section following this discussion offers a brief synopsis of varying forms of CSA, which are categorised into the two broad areas of intra- and extrafamilial abuse. Dissertation questions child abuse 2 examines the often deleterious and persistent consequences of CSA on human development and health. In doing so, an ecological perspective is taken to better understand the transactional processes between the multiple biological, psychological and social variables that affect such outcomes.

Similarly, an ecological approach is adopted in Chapter 3 to explore the aetiology of abuse. The focus of the chapter however, offers a broad socio-cultural and historical perspective of CSA as opposed to exploring an ontogenic aetiology of abuse.

Consequently, the chapter considers not so much how an individual might come to perpetrate CSA as a result of their developmental trajectory and their immediate environment; rather, the chapter considers the wider socio- cultural context dissertation questions child abuse which a perpetrator might operate. It is intended dissertation questions child abuse the rigorous empirical research referred to in Chapter 1 and 2 will provide the reader with a sound foundation from which to guard against the misconceptions and false beliefs about CSA that are examined in Chapter 3.

It is anticipated that such robust evidence will refute, in particular, misconstructions that attempt to deny the existence of CSA or minimise the harm it may cause. This of course has important implications for safeguarding practice. It is hoped that such implications are positively addressed by the recommendations offered within the conclusions of each chapter.

Throughout the chapters issues in research design are addressed. This theme is important because although rigorous research should always form the evidence-base for knowledge and understanding, and subsequently policy and practice, it is nevertheless not without its limitations. In addition, a specific section at the end of this paper details how the research literature has been located. The initial aim, therefore, is to draw a distinction between the terms prevalence rate and incidence rate.

The chapter then highlights the often wide variation in rates of occurrence; subsequently, a discussion follows concerning such disparity. A number of reasons for the variation in the rates of occurrence are identified in relation to both methodological and cultural differences, as well as the issue of under-reporting. In focusing on the question of under-reporting, dissertation questions child abuse, gender differences with regard to CSA are raised.

The chapter closes by outlining the different ways in which CSA is perpetrated both within and outside of the family. Putman draws a clear distinction between the terms incidence rate and prevalence rate. Incidence rates are derived from official records of reported abuse cases, such as child protection registers see Euser et al, as an example. Prevalence rates however, are derived largely from retrospective and self-reported accounts of CSA see Briere and Elliot, as an example.

These terms are similarly defined by Stoltenborgh et al who further add that incidence rates capture data within a restricted time-frame, usually one year.

This they identify as a limiting factor in establishing the actual occurrence of CSA. Moreover, they maintain that only a proportion of abuse cases are reported to child protection agencies. Indeed, there is general agreement in the literature that incidence rates considerably underestimate the true extent of CSA Pereda et al, a; Gilbert et al, ; Goldman and Padayachi, ; Finkelhor, dissertation questions child abuse, b.

Earlier studies that attempted to estimate dissertation questions child abuse prevalence of CSA, such as those by GagnonLandisKinsey et al and Landis were, according to Herman largely ignored at the time. The lack of regard for such studies is explored later from a socio-historical perspective. Authors such as Herman and Hirschman revisited the earlier prevalence studies in order to challenge official statistics and further, to question the official response to the issue of CSA.

Under the scrutiny of child protection agencies, these families frequently lacked the resources to conceal the sexual abuse of children. Referring to the prevalence study of Kinsey et alwhich was based on the self-reported cases of white, middle-class women, Herman and Hirschman argued that official figures did not capture the excessive rates of CSA identified by the study. Moreover, they emphasised that the reports of abuse uncovered by the study had occurred in middle-class families which invariably escaped the attention of social agencies.

Canada, Europe, Australia and other western countries were quick to follow in the proliferation Goldman and Padayachi, Salter however, maintains that the impetus for this surge in activity was due not so much to feminist campaigning but more so to the controversy prompted by a fold increase in reported cases of CSA in North America between and USDHHS, The increase in reported cases prompted a debate that argued whether the escalation was due to the disclosure of a chronic and widespread, but previously hidden problem, or due to an epidemic of dissertation questions child abuse reports Salter, Incidence studies are few in comparison to prevalence studies, due mainly to their dependency on reported cases and the subsequent acceptance that they underestimate the actual occurrence of CSA Stoltenborgh et al, ; Pereda et al, a.

Further, in a critical appraisal of a national incidence study in North Dissertation questions child abuse, Finkelhor and Hotaling concluded the study was flawed due to methodological problems regarding definition and data collection, dissertation questions child abuse. Yet, similar methodological issues are also apparent in prevalence studies and are identified in the literature as being chiefly responsible for the frequently notable variance in their findings Radford et al, ; Pereda et al, a; b; Putman, ; Finkelhor, a.

The studies presented in Figure 1 and 2 below illustrate such variance both nationally and internationally. The studies by Barth et al and Pereda et al a; b are particularly comprehensive although only a small portion of the data is presented here, dissertation questions child abuse. International variation rates aside, the variation of results within a single country is equally as evident Barth et al, ; Stoltenborgh et al, ; Pereda et al, a.

A number of methodological causes for such variance are identified in the literature and include differences in definition Fallon et al, ; Goldman and Padayachi, ; Gough, ; Wyatt and Peters,data collection methods Barth et al, ; Pereda et al, a; b; Hobbs, and sample characteristics Barth et al, dissertation questions child abuse, ; Radford et al, ; Creighton, ; Pilkington and Kremer, Stoltenborgh et al analyse the practical aspects of defining CSA, dissertation questions child abuse.

The application of a broad or a narrow definition is also thought to be a variable in outcomes. It is logical to assume that using a definition which includes non-contact experience, dissertation questions child abuse, as well as experience of abuse where contact has occurred would produce higher rates.

The assumption is borne out by Barth et al who found lower rates of occurrence for contact only definitions. Conversely, Pereda et al a found that using a broad or narrow definition had not affected their combined prevalence outcomes. Neither did they find any significant differences in prevalence rates according to cut-off rates of childhood. This, dissertation questions child abuse, they suggest, may be due to the fact that most sexual abuse occurs pre-puberty.

In contrast, Radford et al, surmise that more sexual abuse is experienced in teenage years. Two aspects of data collection are recognised by Goldman and Padayachi as accounting for potential discrepancies in prevalence rates. The first aspect they suggest, relates to the ways in which information is collected, such as face-to-face interviews or self-administered questionnaires.

The second aspect, relates to the type and number of questions asked. Creighton further adds that the order of questions may also affect measurement. The role that human psychology might play in data collection is apparent in the often opposing ways in which respondents might answer question according to their number, dissertation questions child abuse, their order or the context in which they are asked.

Face-to-face interviews, for example, are thought by Goldman and Padayachi as more likely to elicit information from the respondent which might not otherwise be forthcoming.

Child Abuse Essay In English (300 Words)

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(PDF) Child Sexual Abuse: A Review (unpublished dissertation) | Sian Lloyd - blogger.com

Nov 22,  · Example violence and abuse dissertation topic 1: An exploration of the incidence, forms and effects of domestic abuse during teenage pregnancy. Domestic abuse can occur at any age, and to any social group. This dissertation focusses on abuse suffered by pregnant teenagers aged , whether derived from partners, parents or blogger.comted Reading Time: 7 mins Students looking for Dissertation Child Abuse Questions Help will find these concepts helpful. One can further research on these points to write a stellar dissertation. Hating/Fearing a Particular Parent. It is rare for a child to face abuse from both the parents. In most scenarios, a Estimated Reading Time: 7 mins Child abuse topics of this kind include: The Problem Of Child Neglect; Indicators Of Neglect; General Neglect And Its Consequences; Severe Neglect And Its Impact On Human Health; Psycho-social Failure To Thrive; The Dangerous Numbers: Child Abuse Statistics; The Behaviors Indicating Child Abuse; Infancy Traumas; Effects Of Neglect In Early Childhood